Fig. 5: Intratumoral in situ assembly of D-NP/C-NP constructs drug depots to deliver multiple agents into the tumor site simultaneously.

a Schematic illustrating the bioorthogonal in situ assembly of D-NP/C-NP in the tumor area for the simultaneous delivery of multiple agents. b 3D CLSM images of the D-NP/C-NP aqueous solutions at pH 7.4 and 6.5 after incubation for 2 h. D-NP and C-NP were labeled with DiI and DiD, respectively. Experiments were repeated twice. c In vitro fluorescence imaging of frozen tumor sections after 96 h administration of D-NP/C-NP or S-NP/C-NP. C-NP was labeled with DiD, and D-NP and S-NP were labeled with DiI. Scale bar, 100 µm. Experiments were repeated twice. d, e Time-dependent tumor accumulation (left) of d FITC-labeled and e Cy5-labeled NPs after administration of D-NP/C-NP or S-NP/C-NP. C-NP was labeled with FITC, and D-NP and S-NP were labeled with Cy5. The area under the curve (AUC) (right) of the labeled NPs in tumor tissues. Data are presented as the mean ± s.d. (n = 3). Statistical significance was calculated via Student’s t-test (one tail) in d, e. *p < 0.05. DA: 2, 3-dimethylmaleic anhydride, DiI: 1,1'-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate, DiD: 1,1-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.