Fig. 5: The intracellular inhibition of αS aggregation by SK-129 in PD models.

Assessment of cell permeability of SK-129 using PAMPA (a) and confocal microscopy (b). Confocal image of SH-SY5Y cells after treatment with 100 nM SK-129_F for 15 h. The data were expressed as mean and the error bars report the s.e.m. (n = 4  independent experiments and each n consisted of two technical replicates). Confocal images (c, d) of αS-YFP inclusions (white arrows) in muscle cells of NL5901 (days of adulthood = 8 days) in the absence (c) and presence (d) of 15 µM SK-129. e The number of inclusions for experiment ‘c, d’ for NL5901 worms in the absence and presence of SK-129 (days of adulthood = 8 days). The data were expressed as mean and the error bars report the s.e.m. (n = 4 independent experiments and each n consisted of at least 15 technical replicates). f The relative activity counts for 14 days of adulthood of N2 and NL5901 in the absence and presence of 15 µM SK-129. g A graphical representation with statistical analysis of the relative activity counts of N2 and NL5901 in the absence and presence of 15 µM SK-129 for day 8 of the adulthood. The data were expressed as mean and the error bars report the s.e.m. (n = 3 independent experiments and each n consisted of two technical replicates). h Confocal images and number of inclusions (i) of HEK cells incubated with PMCA sample from control and PD brain extract for indicated times. The HEK cells were washed after incubating them with the PMCA sample for various amounts of time. The number of inclusions (j) and relative viability (k) of HEK cells when they were incubated with the PMCA sample from PD brain extract for 8 h followed by washing, and further incubating HEK cells up to 4 days. A total of 100 HEK cells were examined to count the number of inclusions at four different locations in the eight-well plate for each experiment and it was repeated in 4 independent experiments. The data i–k were expressed as mean and the error bars report the s.e.m. (n = 4 independent experiments and each n consisted of four technical replicates). The statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.