Fig. 2: Accelerated epigenetic aging in non-severe and severe COVID-19 patients.

Distribution of DNAm age acceleration (a–e, five epigenetic clocks) and telomere attrition acceleration (f, TL) in the peripheral blood from 232 healthy individuals, 194 non-severe and 213 severe COVID-19 patients. The y-axis shows the epigenetic age acceleration after adjusting for cell-type fractions (i.e., residual of regressing the epigenetic age acceleration on cell-type fractions). The p value for each t-test is shown above the corresponding line. In the box plots, the lower and upper hinges indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, and the black line within the box marks the median value. The whiskers extend from the hinges to the largest and smallest values no further than 1.5× inter-quartile range from the hinges, and the points beyond the end of whiskers indicate outliers. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.