Fig. 6: De novo biosynthesis of oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes in yeast. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: De novo biosynthesis of oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes in yeast.

From: Deletion and tandem duplications of biosynthetic genes drive the diversity of triterpenoids in Aralia elata

Fig. 6

a The strain WEA expressed AeBAS, AeCYP716A354, and AeCYP716A355 and overexpressed the MVA and early sterol-pathway genes tHMG1, ERG20, ERG9, and ERG1. Diagram showing the echinocystic acid-type triterpenoid biosynthetic pathway. b LC–MS analysis of metabolites from strains engineered for pentacyclic triterpene saponin production derived from β-amyrin and oleanolic acid. Extracted ion chromatograms using m/z values (±0.5) and different numbers to represent saponins with various aralosides, oleanolic acid (m/z 455, 2), echinocystic acid (m/z 471, 3), hederagenin (m/z 471, 4), 16-OH-hederagenin (m/z 487, 5), oleanolic acid 28-O-glucopyranosyl ester (m/z 617, 6), calenduloside E (m/z 631, 7), zingibroside R1 (m/z 793, 8), chikusetsusaponin IVa (m/z 793, 9), echinocystic acid 28-O-glucopyranosyl ester (m/z 633, 11), 3-O-glucuronopyranoside echinocystic acid (m/z 647, 12), echinocystic acid 28-O-glucopyranosyl-3-O-glucuronopyranoside (m/z 809, 14), and echinocystic acid 3-O-glucuronopyranoside-6 → 1-glucoside (m/z 809, 13).

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