Fig. 4: PD-L1 signals through NFκB-p65, ERK, and PI3K/Akt pathways to regulate endothelial structure.
From: PD-L1 signaling selectively regulates T cell lymphatic transendothelial migration
a–c LECs pretreated with classical NFκB inhibitor (NFκBin, 5 μM), PI3K inhibitor (PI3Kin, 0.5 μM), or ERK inhibitor (ERKin, 5 μM) for 30 min at 37 °C, then stimulated with soluble 1 μg/mL PD-1 Ig, CD80 Ig, or incubated with 2 × 105 WT or PD-1−/− iTregs or WT Teffs for 16 hours at 37 °C. VCAM-1 surface expression analyzed by flow cytometry (a). Intercellular VE-Cadherin analyzed by immunohistochemistry (b, c). Quantification of zipper junctions in LECs. Each dot represents every 10 LECs. Magnification ×60, scale bar 10 μm (b) and 20 μm (c). Data representative of 3 independent experiments. (a–c) Mean ± SEM. *p < 0.01 by one-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
