Fig. 7: Damage to the intestinal barrier accelerates bacterial-derived LPS leakage into the blood, and LPS exacerbates the progression of AML. | Nature Communications

Fig. 7: Damage to the intestinal barrier accelerates bacterial-derived LPS leakage into the blood, and LPS exacerbates the progression of AML.

From: Gut microbiota regulates acute myeloid leukaemia via alteration of intestinal barrier function mediated by butyrate

Fig. 7

a LPS concentrations in the peripheral plasma of AML patients and healthy controls (n = 20 per group, biologically independent samples). b LPS concentrations in butyrate-treated and control AML mice. c LPS concentrations in AML-FMT and Con-FMT mice. d LPS concentrations in AML mice and normal mice after LPS gavage. b–d All data are from animal’s independent experiments. e Representative FACS graphs of apoptotic MLL-AF9 cells after culture with or without LPS for 48 h (n = 3 per group). Details of the gating strategy are described in Supplementary Fig. 11a. f CCK-8 analysis of the proliferation of MLL-AF9 cells with or without LPS for 24, 48, and 72 h (n = 3 per group). g The western blot results for Bcl-2, BAX, cleaved caspase-3, and GAPDH was used as controls (n = 3 per group). h Leukaemia cells (GFP+ cells) in the spleen, peripheral blood, and bone marrow from LPS-treated AML mice (n = 4) and control AML mice (n = 4). Details of the gating strategy are described in Supplementary Fig. 11b. i Representative photographs of spleens and the weight of spleens from LPS-treated AML mice (n = 4) and control AML mice (n = 4). j HE histopathology sections and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining of a representative spleen, LPS-treated AML mice, and control AML mice. All microscopic analyses were performed at an original magnification ×80 or ×200, scale bar = 1000 and 275 µm. k Kaplan–Meier survival curve of the mouse leukaemia model (n = 4 per group). P values were determined using unpaired two-tailed t-test and error bars represent mean ± SEM in a–i. P values were determined using Gehan–Breslow–Wilcoxon test and error bars represent mean ± SEM in (k). **P = 0.0017 (a), **P = 0.015 (b), *P = 0.0322 (c), **P = 0.0051 (d), *P = 0.0113 (e), *P = 0.0261, **P = 0.0028 (f), *P = 0.00454 Cleaved caspase-3, *P = 0.0034 BAX, ***P = 0.0009 BCL-2 (g), *P = 0.0476 PB, **P = 0.0077 SP, *P = 0.025 BM (h), *P = 0.0276 (i), **P = 0.0043 (k). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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