Fig. 5: Enrichment of transcription factor binding motifs at DARs in aged HSCs.

a Motif analysis of open and closed DARs in aged HSCs. Motifs and −log10 p values are depicted. The enrichment of each motif in DARs in aged HSCs, the peaks in young HSCs, and the background peaks are indicated. All peaks, which includes 102,992 peaks from all fractions, were used as background. P values were derived from Hypergeometric tests of motif analysis. No adjustments were made for multiple comparisons. b Heatmap showing the z-scores of ATAC counts (DESeq2 normalized counts) in STAT (upper panel) and ATF motif (lower panel) regions of open DARs in aged HSCs. Regions were divided into 5 clusters using K-means clustering. The distance between DARs and the nearest genes is listed in Supplementary Data 5i. The genes that showed a significant upregulation with q values <0.05 in aged HSCs in expression are indicated in red. c Box plots showing expression of the genes linked to Aged open DARs containing STAT or ATF motifs. Expression of DAR-linked genes in aged HSCs is indicated as a fold expression relative to that in young HSCs (replication #1) using normalized read counts (DESeq2 normalized counts + 1). STAT-motif and ATF-motif-containing DAR-linked genes (103 and 116 genes, respectively) were examined two biologically independent samples. Data derived from a single experiment are depicted. Boxes represent the 25–75 percentile ranges with the median of horizontal line. The ends of vertical lines represent minimum or maximum values. ns not significant by the Paired Student’s one-tailed t tests were performed to calculate p values. d Heatmap showing the expression values (normalized DESeq2 counts) of genes that showed a significant upregulation in expression in (b). The distance between DARs and the nearest genes is listed in Supplementary Data 5i. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.