Fig. 5: Evidence and prevention strategy for lattice oxygen consumption. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Evidence and prevention strategy for lattice oxygen consumption.

From: High-performance photocatalytic nonoxidative conversion of methane to ethane and hydrogen by heteroatoms-engineered TiO2

Fig. 5

a Production rates and selectivity of C2H6 in the cyclic tests by Pd1/TiO2. Each cycle lasts 3 h, between which the catalyst is treated in air. b In situ EPR signals for Pd1/TiO2 catalyst in 0.1 MPa CH4 under different conditions. The inset is the formation of O vacancy during the reaction. c In situ high-resolution O 1 s XPS spectra for Pd1/TiO2 catalyst with different light illumination time in 45 Pa CH4. d, e The comparison of C2H6 (d) and CO2 (e) production between Pd1/TiO2 and Pd1/ST. f The photocatalytic NOCM by Pd1/ST and Pd1/TiO2 benchmarked against the photocatalytic NOCM and the mild-condition thermocatalytic NOCM in literature. The temperatures in thermocatalysis represent the reaction temperatures applied in those works.

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