Fig. 1: Ontogeny of spino-ocular, visual motion-, otolith organ- and semicircular canal-driven eye movements. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Ontogeny of spino-ocular, visual motion-, otolith organ- and semicircular canal-driven eye movements.

From: Locomotion-induced ocular motor behavior in larval Xenopus is developmentally tuned by visuo-vestibular reflexes

Fig. 1

Gaze-stabilizing movements of the left (Leye) and right eye (Reye) during spino-ocular motor coupling (a), optokinetic reflex (OKR, b) gravitoinertial (gVOR, c) and horizontal angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR, d) at stage 40 (a1, b1, c1, d1), stage 42 (a2, b2, c2, d2) and stage 45 (a3, b3, c3, d3). Swim episodes occurred spontaneously; OKR and gVOR were elicited by sinusoidal rotation of black/white vertical stripes or downward-upward head roll motion at 0.25 Hz with positional excursions (pos) of ±10°; during horizontal head rotation at 1 Hz with positional excursions of ±10° an aVOR was absent at developmental stages 40–45. le, ri, leftward, rightward movement.

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