Fig. 4: Proton-feeding ability of EDTMPA.
From: Steering surface reconstruction of copper with electrolyte additives for CO2 electroreduction
a, b Comparison of the FEs (a) and partial current densities (b) of various CO2RR products at −1.0 V versus RHE in electrolytes without and with different amounts of EDTMPA (4 ppm, 8 ppm and 16 ppm). c Kinetic energy diagram of water dissociation on bare Cu(110). TS stands for the transition state. d Kinetic energy diagrams of an H atom transferred from MPA to Cu(110) and then an H atom compensated from H2O to MPA that loses one H (*MPA−H). e Calculated free energy diagrams of the hydrogenation of *CO species to *CHO species at 0 V (versus the standard hydrogen electrode, SHE) on Cu(110) with and without MPA. f CH4 Tafel curves in electrolytes with and without EDTMPA.
