Fig. 2: Local switching characteristics of the PZTMPB thin films.
From: Multilevel polarization switching in ferroelectric thin films
a The vPFM image after locally applying +4 V (outer square) and −2 V (inner square) between the scanning tip and the SRO bottom electrode. b Averaged vPFM signal across the dashed outline in (a). c The vPFM image after applying the incremental reverse poling scheme detailed in (d). d Poling voltage as function of the sample location for the two-step poling scheme applied on the image area in (c). e Averaged horizontal vPFM cross-section over the entire image in (c).
