Fig. 5: In situ and ex situ structural characterizations of the P2-NaMNNb-based electrodes. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: In situ and ex situ structural characterizations of the P2-NaMNNb-based electrodes.

From: Niobium-doped layered cathode material for high-power and low-temperature sodium-ion batteries

Fig. 5

a In situ XRD patterns using Swagelok cell corresponding to the charge and discharge curves between 2.4–4.15 V at 20 mA g−1 and 25 °C. b Comparison of (002) diffraction patterns of ex situ XRD patterns of P2-NaMNNb and P2-NaMN after 30 cycles at 92 mA g−1. c The AC-HAADF-STEM image and d, e annular bright field (ABF-STEM) images of the P2-NaMNNb after 30 cycles at 92 mA g−1 and 25 °C in coin cell. f Schematic of the protective effect on the bulk structure.

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