Table 1 Key parameters for THG efficiency.

From: Near-zero-index ultra-fast pulse characterization

Method

Reference

Fluence (mJ/cm2)

Duration (fs)

THG Efficiency

Few-layer graphene films

51

1.00

320

2.0 × 10−10

Plasmonic metasurface

52

0.02

170

3.0 × 10−7

Dielectric metasurface

53

0.88

250

1.2 × 10−6

Perovskite nanocrystals

50

1.50

200

4.27 × 10−6

AZO thin film

This work

27.97

100

8.5 × 10−5

  1. The table links the frequency conversion efficiencies of different experimentally tested flat systems to both fluence levels and pulse durations.
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