Fig. 4: Time series of ice nucleating particles (INPs) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) year.
From: Annual cycle observations of aerosols capable of ice formation in central Arctic clouds

INP concentration in per liter of air (l−1 air) at every 2.5 °C interval from –7.5 to –25.0 °C for the total aerosol samples (~150 nm–12 µm; the sum of the INP concentrations from the four size ranges or sample sets collected every 24 h). A subset of the daily sample sets was processed (i.e., ~2 sample sets per week). The gray shaded regions indicate missing data (i.e., where samples were not collected) or transit times when Polarstern traveled between the ice floe and land during the expedition. Note the difference in INP concentration scales between the different temperatures. Error bars represent standard deviation.