Fig. 1: 16S rRNA gene-based composition of Caldarchaeales-containing cultures.

a Taxonomic composition of a sediment in-situ enrichment from Great Boiling Spring inferred from 16S rRNA gene tag sequencing. b Wolframiiraptor (W. gerlachensis) and total microbial abundances within enrichment cultures, as determined by qPCR. The absolute abundance and proportion of W. gerlachensis was stable after three transfers. Curves marked by dark coloration represent 16S rRNA gene quantities of the total community and curves marked by light coloration show 16S rRNA gene quantities belonging to W. gerlachensis in cultures A8 and A10 (all other cultures have no colored fields). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.