Fig. 6: Equilibrium ππ soliton-soliton pairs described by Eq. (7).
From: Soliton walls paired by polar surface interactions in a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal
a In-plane polarization field for ω = 0.1. b The corresponding texture observed between crossed polarizers with the intensity of transmitted light calculated with Eq.(8). c Polarization profile φππ(x) for different surface anchoring anisotropies ω; the separation Lπ between two extinction bands at φππ = π/2 and φππ = 3π/2 is shown for the profile with ω = 0.001. d Characteristic widths of the ππ soliton-soliton pairs defined in (b) vs. ω; note that Δx ≅ Lπ for ω < 0.1, but Δx < Lπ for ω > 0.1.
