Fig. 4: Shrub expansion over the 21st century was primarily attributed to seed dispersal. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Shrub expansion over the 21st century was primarily attributed to seed dispersal.

From: Dispersal and fire limit Arctic shrub expansion

Fig. 4

Shrub expansion driven by (a) environmental suitability change from 2014 to 2100, (b) projected fire, and (c) short- and long-distance seed dispersal. The insets show the domain average of shrub expansion from 2014 to 2100; the gray sections show shrub expansion in a scenario where the corresponding factor was turned off and the green sections represent its contribution.

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