Fig. 3: Lift-out and scanning transmission electron microscopy energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) analysis of the precipitates.

a–c Identify, lift out, and FIB thinning of the precipitates. d, e STEM images of the precipitates #2 and #3, respectively. f, g EDS mapping of the boxed regions in panels d, e. h, i EDS line data along the yellow line in panels f, g showing the elemental composition across the precipitate/matrix interface. Note that the EDS quantification on C content is not accurate due to the carbon contamination that is commonly encountered in STEM imaging. Scale bars in a 10 μm, in d, e 50 nm, in f, g 20 nm.