Fig. 4: Proteomic clusters of pan-SCCs and associations with SCC initiation.

a T-SNE plot of 17 SCC samples, color coded for SCC originating organs. b Hierarchical clustering analysis of proteomics for 333 SCC samples. Color differences in the dendrogram indicated 4 clusters that were resolved by multiscale bootstrapping. c GSEA revealed the pathways that were significantly enriched in the four proteomic clusters respectively. d Representative pathways and corresponding significant DEPs (Kruskal–Wallis test, BH-adjusted p < 0.05, fold change > 2) in the four proteomic clusters, cluster names were named by initials of each organ and ordered alphabetically. e Kaplan–Meier survival curves for ATM and MMP19 with p value from multivariate Cox proportional hazard model (including protein expression, age, gender, histology, organ, and stage) labeled. f Kinmap (http://www.kinhub.org/kinmap/index.html) of differentially expressed kinases with different colors for the four proteomic clusters. Illustration reproduced courtesy of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (www.cellsignal.com). g The regulation networks of kinases and TFs in the four proteomic clusters.