Fig. 3: Fabrication, electrochemical and mechanical properties of the CRISPR wearable patch.
a Schematic illustration of the conductive MNs. b CV plots of the as-fabricated conductive MNs under different scanning rates, using a 1 mM [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− probe; quiet time, 2 s; sensitivity (A/V), 1 × 10−4 A/V. c The relationship between the square root of the scanning rate and the corresponding peak current using a 1 mM [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− probe; quiet time, 2 s; sensitivity (A/V), 1 × 10−4 A/V. d CV plots of the conductive MNs and commercial gold electrode using a 1 mM [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− probe; quiet time, 2 s; sensitivity (A/V), 1 × 10−4 A/V. e Real-time i–t curve recorded by the conductive MNs in PBS buffer (0.01 M, pH 7.4); quiet time, 0 s; sensitivity (A/V), 1 × 10−3 A/V. f The real-time current of the conductive MNs and commercial gold electrode in PBS buffer (0.01 M, pH 7.4); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, analyzed by two-way ANOVA, p value of 0.0000094, quiet time, 0 s; sensitivity (A/V), 1 × 10−3 A/V. g Contact angle testing of water droplets on the surface of the (I) original PDMS film and (II) hydrophilic-treated PDMS film. h Photograph of the CRISPR wearable patch based on reverse iontophoresis and three-electrode MNs. i The printed wearable patch mounted on skin. j A blue LED powered by the wearable patch with a voltage of 6 V. k Finite elemental analysis, optical photographs, and SEM of the wearable device under different mechanical distortions, including stretching, twisting, and bending; the results obtained from three independent repeated experiments. l Strain versus stress curve for the wearable patch. m A single stretch-release cycle with 10% strain for two different membranes. n Stress variation of the wearable patch in a 100-cycle test with a strain of 4%. o Stress changes of the wearable patch every ten cycles.
