Fig. 3: Immune response against ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 in transplant recipients with Omicron-BA.1 infection.

A Violin dot plots of the 50% neutralization titers (log₁₀ID50) of neutralizing antibodies against D614G, Delta, and Omicron BA.1, in transplant recipients post-BA.1 infection (n = 75). Each circle represents an individual patient antibody titer. Horizontal lines represent median values. The p value of the difference was estimated using a two-sided Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test. B Paired BA.1 and BA.2 directed neutralizing responses in all patients from the same cohort (n = 75). C Scatter plot showing two-tailed Spearman correlation between the log₁₀ID50 of neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron BA.1 (x-axis) and BA.2 (y-axis) in cohort 2 (n = 75; p < 0.001). Diagonal line represents the best-fit linear regression line. Proportions of polyfunctional, IFN-γ monofunctional and IL-2 monofunctional CD4⁺ T cells (D) and E CD8⁺ T cells in a subset (n = 64) transplant recipients with Omicron-BA.1 infection. Horizontal lines denote the median for each group. A two-sided Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test with Holm–Šídák correction for multiple comparisons was used. Adjusted P values are shown above each respective comparison. SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2, OMI omicron, IFN- γ interferon gamma, IL-2 interleukin 2. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.