Fig. 2: Comparison of mutations across ancestral genotypes.

A Ratio of observed over expected number of mutations in genes annotated to each of the clusters of orthologous groups (COG category). Numbers represent absolute number of mutations. Mutations in intergenic regions and deletions spanning more than one ORF were eliminated from this analysis. Fisher’s test. * P = 0.05, **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. B Venn diagram illustrating the number of genes mutated in clones from each ancestral genotype and across strains. C Percentage of mutations found in the capsule operon or in capsule-related genes. ‘X’ indicates the percentage of mutations expected under a null assumption of random distribution of mutations across the reference genome of Kpn NTUH42,43 (see Methods). D Capsule quantification of non-capsulated ancestral and evolved clones complemented with wcaJ in trans. Each dot corresponds to an independent experiment. ‘del’ stands for deletion. Clones 3B5, 3C4 and 3D5 evolved from different ancestors in LB, clones 5B1 and 5B3 evolved in M02 and 6D4 and 6D5 in AUM. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from the mean. Two-sided Wilcoxon test, *P < 0.05. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.