Fig. 3: Characterization and simulations for the as-synthesized electrospun fibers.
From: High-performance piezoelectric composites via β phase programming
a–d Piezoelectric force microscope (PFM) Topography (a), Out-of-plane (OP) PFM phase image (b), phase-field simulation of domain structure (c), MD calculation of polarization (d) of a single undoped nanofiber. Scale bars: 200 nm. e–h PFM Topography (e), PFM phase image (f), phase-field simulation of domain structure (g), MD calculation of polarization (h) of a single MPC nanofiber. Scale bars: 200 nm. i, j PFM characterized butterfly amplitude loops for undoped fibers (i) and 2.5 wt% MXene doped fibers (j) under a direct current (DC) bias from −12 V to 12 V. k The PFM measured piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of as-prepared nanofibers as a function of MXene mass fractions. l Comparison of the phase-field simulation and MD simulation on the spontaneous polarization and out-of-plane domain fractions for the undoped and MXene-doped samples.
