Fig. 3: Development of seasonally flooded vegetation over sandy bar.

a, b Sand bar top exposed during the low-stage water level. c Sand bar partially colonized by grass and bush vegetation. d Sand bar top with deposition of silt and clay on slack water zone formed by vegetation growth. e Mature flooded forest (igapó) developed over stabilized sand bars. a, c, d correspond to sites in the Tabuleiro do Embaubal archipelago, Xingu River. b, e are sites in the Anavilhanas archipelago, Negro River.