Fig. 6: Coarse-grained bound for non-zero vorticity.

Comparison of the upper bound to Iss(x0) in terms of the coarse-grained entropy production rate \(\dot{\pi }\) for the points in the gray trajectory in Figs. 1 and 5 with the function \({I}_{{{{{{{{\rm{est}}}}}}}}}({{{{{{{\boldsymbol{x}}}}}}}})=-\log ({P}_{{{{{{{{\rm{ss}}}}}}}}}({{{{{{{\boldsymbol{x}}}}}}}}))/{{\Omega }}\) obtained from the exact steady state distribution.