Table 1 Characteristics of patients with GC in each cohort

From: Noninvasive imaging of the tumor immune microenvironment correlates with response to immunotherapy in gastric cancer

Variables	Training cohort (n = 240)		Internal validation cohort 1 (n = 158)		Internal validation cohort 2 (n = 522)		External validation cohort 1 (n = 92)		External validation cohort 2 (n = 1139)
Variables	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Gender
Male	151	62.9	112	70.9	361	69.2	31	33.7	354	31.1
Female	89	37.1	46	29.1	161	30.8	61	66.3	785	68.9
Age (years), median (interquartile range)	57 (49–64)		56 (46–62)		56 (48–63)		59 (45–65)		57 (50–65)
Differentiation
Well	27	11.3	10	6.3	89	17	1	1.1	19	1.7
Moderate	60	25	44	27.8	117	22.4	19	20.7	176	15.5
Poor or undifferentiation	153	63.7	104	65.9	316	60.6	72	78.2	955	82.9
Location
Cardia	50	20.8	38	24.1	67	12.8	29	31.5	390	34.2
Body	47	19.6	28	17.7	95	18.2	23	25	226	19.8
Antrum	129	53.8	83	52.5	317	60.7	35	38	468	41.2
Whole	14	5.8	9	5.7	43	8.3	5	5.5	55	4.8
Lauren type
Intestinal type	110	45.8	75	47.5	236	45.2	29	31.5	392	34.4
Diffuse or mixed type	130	54.2	83	52.5	286	54.8	63	68.5	747	65.6
CEA
Elevated	26	10.8	20	12.7	55	10.5	16	17.4	228	20
Normal	214	89.2	138	87.3	467	89.5	76	82.6	911	80
CA19-9
Elevated	31	12.9	15	9.5	88	16.9	11	12	231	20.3
Normal	209	87.1	143	90.5	434	83.1	81	88	908	79.7
Depth of invasion
T1	55	22.9	27	17.1	144	27.6	14	15.2	142	12.5
T2	21	8.8	14	8.9	81	15.5	10	10.9	127	11.2
T3	29	12.1	19	12	15	2.9	21	22.8	250	21.9
T4a	110	45.8	68	43	165	31.6	38	41.3	530	46.5
T4b	25	10.4	30	19	117	22.4	9	9.8	90	7.9
Lymph node metastasis
N0	110	45.8	58	36.7	245	46.9	34	37	372	32.7
N1	44	18.3	26	16.5	118	22.6	14	15.2	185	16.2
N2	22	9.2	27	17.1	62	11.9	11	12	202	17.7
N3a	35	14.6	29	18.4	70	13.4	19	20.7	246	21.6
N3b	29	12.1	18	11.4	27	5.2	14	15.2	134	11.8
Distant metastasis
M(−)	233	97.1	152	96.2	475	91	84	91.3	1006	88.3
M(+)	7	2.9	6	3.8	47	9	8	8.7	133	11.7
TNM stage
I	65	27.1	34	21.5	129	24.7	19	20.7	197	17.3
II	58	24.2	30	19	124	23.8	21	22.8	289	25.4
III	110	45.8	88	55.7	222	42.5	44	47.8	520	45.7
IV	7	2.9	6	3.8	47	9	8	8.7	133	11.7

M(−) negative metastasis, M(+) positive metastasis.

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