Fig. 4: NSs differentially regulated skeletal stem/progenitor cells for osteogenesis.

a tSNE plot shows the distribution of 26016 cells and highlighting of osteo-lineage cells (red dotted line). b Visualization of osteo-lineage cells highlighted in a with UMAP plot, which was divided into eight sub-clusters. c Dot plots showing the expression of marker genes in the eight osteo-lineage sub-clusters. Dot size represented the proportion of cells expressing specific gene in the indicated subsets and color bar represented the gene expression levels. d tSNE plot shows the distribution of cells from the eight osteo-lineage sub-clusters. e Relative proportion of cells from Defect and NSs group in each subsets. f–i Differentiation trajectory inferred by RNA velocity between Defect and NSs group after 1 week and 2 weeks of defect surgery, respectively. j, k Visualization of cells from two different trajectories between Defect and NSs group using 3D UMAP. Red arrow indicates the differentiation direction. l, m Schematic diagram of two distinct cell differentiation trajectories between Defect and NSs group.