Fig. 4: Mechanism of the programmable photovoltaic effect. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Mechanism of the programmable photovoltaic effect.

From: Mesoscopic sliding ferroelectricity enabled photovoltaic random access memory for material-level artificial vision system

Fig. 4

a Sliding between the WS2 layers, which generates residual strain and a spontaneous electric field. b Current and differential conductance versus voltage bias. c Mapped photocurrent of a WS2 nanotube device before bias. The scale bar is 2 μm. d, e Mapped photocurrent of the WS2 nanotube device after negative bias (d) and after positive bias (e). Note the different scales of c–e. The laser intensity is 1 mW. f A WS2 nanotube device. g, h The layered structure of the WS2 nanotube before (g) and after (h) bias.

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