Fig. 5: Hovmöller diagram of Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) convection and East Asia PM10. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Hovmöller diagram of Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) convection and East Asia PM10.

From: Tropical modulation of East Asia air pollution

Fig. 5

a Outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) anomalies averaged over 60°–80°E and 10°S–10°N and station-averaged anomalies of (b) PM10 concentration, (c) precipitation frequency, (d) bulk stability, and (e) PM10 concentration reconstructed by precipitation frequency and bulk stability with respect to the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) phase and time lag. Values that are statistically significant at the 95% confidence level are indicated with black dots. The gray lines denote the lag 6–10 days which are used in the composite analysis in Figs. 2–4.

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