Fig. 5: Silkworm domestication and breeding.

a FST shows selective signal in silkworm domestication. The previously reported domestic genes associated with silk production (AS, GS, GDH, and GOGAT), circadian rhythm (CLOCK, CRY2), development (EO), and body color (TH) are marked and show obvious selective signal. TH (tyrosine hydroxylase), GS (glutamine synthetase 2), CLOCK (circadian locomoter output cycle protein kaput), GDH (glutamate dehydrogenase), CRY2 (cryptochrome 2), GOGAT (glutamate synthase), AS (asparagine synthetase), and EO (ecdysone oxidase). b Frequency distribution of SVs in domestication (in wild and local groups); dots represent SVs. We identified 5,353 SVs (red dots) which have potentially played roles in domestication of silkworm because they show differences in their AFs in wild and domestic silkworms (FDR < 0.0001, fold change >2). c Selective regions of CHN-I (red, Chinese improved strains) and JPN-I (blue, Japanese improved strains) resulting from the process of breeding.