Fig. 1: Engagement with climate justice over time.

Number of cities in our sample that adopted or updated a climate action plan between 2007 and 2020. Cities are categorised according to their level of engagement with justice in policy action: cities that do not articulate justice as a core feature of climate action (grey), cities articulating justice as an aspiration (yellow), and cities explicitly planning for justice (red) (left axis). The blue line indicates the cumulative percentage of plans incorporating justice in any way (right axis). By 2020, 69% of all plans published between 2007 and 2020 include justice.