Fig. 2: Determination of primary chirality with twisted crystal lattices in d-CNM.
a XRD pattern of CNMs taken with Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.5418 Å. b, c SEM images of d-CNM taken from the side view (b) and top view (c). Insets show the corresponding photographs. d, e Enlarged SEM images shown in c at various magnifications. f The DRCD spectra of the antipodal CNMs. g, h TEM image and 3D ED of the particle. The blue dotted line represents the position of the goniometer axis, and the white circles in g represent the two positions of the SAED aperture for taking the 3D ED. The top and bottom areas of the rod-like particle are denoted as A1 and A2. The white rectangle shows the position of the beam stopper, and O is the origin. The inset of g shows a schematic drawing of the twisted crystal. i–k 3D ED of the particle taken from A1 observed from the a*-, b*- and c*-axes, respectively. The diffraction spots grayscale intensities are square roots of the corresponding measured values for a better visual experience during the publication. l, m The enlargement permutation of the typical arch-shaped ED distribution cut from the reconstructed reciprocal lattice of A1. The orange dotted line shown in l represents the position of the chiral torsion axis. n The localized amplification of reflection (green box in (m) seen from the [001] axis. Pm represents the coordinates of diffraction spots (centres of the diffractions are marked by red dots), and the yellow arrows represent the normal direction of the corresponding lattice planes. Inset o shows the orientation deflection of 14, 0, 0 and 680 in the h(14−h)0 reflections. p Quarter amplification of arch-shaped diffraction spots of the \(h\bar{h}l\) slice (orange dotted rectangle of l) with rotational intensity distribution perpendicular to the rotational axis of A1 in the particle. q The superposed \(h\bar{h}l\) slices from two datasets were taken from positions of A1 (orange) and A2 (blue) in the particle. The rotational intensity distribution of the two sets of 3D ED data illustrates lattice twisting from A1 to A2. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
