Fig. 5: Glucose extends lifespan in aged worms independently of the DAF-16 (FOXO).

Differentially regulated genes downstream of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signalling (IIS) (a), daf-16 (b), hsf-1 independently (ind.) of heat shock (HS) (c, d) in animals fed on the normal diet (ND) or high-glucose diet (HGD) from 5-day old (HGD-5). e Lifespan assays of daf-16(lof) animals fed on the ND or HGD-5 (ND, n = 502; HGD-5, n = 536 including biological replicates). f, g Representative images of DAF-16::GFP localisation in 1- (D1) and 5-day old (D5) worms on 16 h ND, HGD (filled circles) or 1 h heat shock (filled circles) at 37 °C (n = 60 for each condition including biological replicates). Scale bars represent 100 μm (f) and 25 μm (g). Highlighted worms with dashed lines are WT animals. h Quantification of GFP in panel f (n = 30). P values to ND of WT. Data shown are the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was subjected to one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test (a–d, h) or log-rank test for lifespan (e).