Fig. 7: Potential on-target effects of stroke-associated proteins.
Forest plots illustrating the potential on-target effects associated with causal proteins revealed by Phe-MR analysis for TFPI (a) and TMPRSS5 (b). In general, results can be perceived as the effects of per-SD higher circulating protein level on each phenotype. If the effect direction of the target protein on the phenotype is consistent with that on stroke outcomes, it represents 'beneficial' additional indications through the intervention of circulating protein level. Conversely, opposing effect directions of the target protein on the phenotype and stroke represents 'deleterious' side-effects. For example, a higher level of TFPI is associated with a lower risk of ischaemic stroke and so phenotypes with OR <1 represents 'beneficial effects', OR >1 represents 'deleterious effects' when the hypothetical intervention increases TFPI levels. Only significant associations that passed Bonferroni correction (P ≤ 0.05/6/784 = 1.06 × 10−5) were plotted. See Supplementary Data 14 for more clinical information on the ICD code phenotypes. The dots are the causal estimates on the OR scale, and the whiskers represent the 95% confidence intervals for these ORs.
