Fig. 3: Genetic diversity of Zea mays subsp. parviglumis, a maize CWR, represented in the proxies of genetic differentiation (PGD).
From: Incorporating evolutionary and threat processes into crop wild relatives conservation
(a) Admixture plot assuming K = 13 genetic clusters, using ca. 30,000 SNPs (data from Rivera-Rodrígue z48). Each bar represents the proportion of different genetic clusters (colors) conforming an individual. White dashed lines separate the proxies of genetic differentiation (numbered colored bars below, matching colors in the map of (b), where the samples fell. Colored bars only include proxies with sampling points used in the genetic analysis. (b) Potential distribution model of Z. mays subsp. parviglumis subdivided by proxies of genetic differentiation (background colors), overlaying the geographic location of individuals sampled for genetic analyses (black dots). (c) Score plot of a principal component analysis performed with the genetic data. The first three components are projected. Each point represents an individual colored by the proxy of genetic differentiation where it fell according to (b). (d) Proportion of the area of each proxy of genetic differentiation represented in the Zonation solution of the preliminary analyses given two different SCP scenarios (only considering SDM, or combining SDM*PGD), considering 20% of Mexico’s terrestrial area. See Supplementary Fig. 7 for how the mean proportions were estimated. Most of the spatial extent of the SDM scenario (traditional approach for SCP) covered only a few genetic clusters, including the Western (PGD 36 and 5), Center-Eastern (PGD 37) and Eastern (PGD 41) distribution of the taxon. Contrarily, the SDM*PGD scenario (approach proposed here) increased the representation of other areas with populations likely differentiated, like the clusters represented in PGDs 48, 10, 11, 8, and 41. Thus, although the proxies of genetic differentiation are not a perfect match to the empirical population differentiation within this taxon, they maximized the representation of genetic differentiation in the spatial analysis as shown in Fig. 5, in contrast with considering all the taxon distribution as a single unit. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. [Spatial data is licensed under CC-BY 4.0; country boundary according to Natural Earth.].
