Fig. 3: Delivery of the aerosol into macaques’ lungs.

a Representative scintigraphy imaging of different regions of interest in a cynomolgus monkeys nebulized with ^99mTC-DTPA tracer (74 Mbq) in 3 ml NaCl 0.9%, using a prototype mesh nebulizer and measured by E-cam gamma camera. Mean values ±SD of the distribution of aerosol deposition were determined from the digitalized images obtained in four experiments. b Lung localization of the aerosolized HRC4 peptide analyzed in cranial lobe lung sections from monkeys nebulized under mechanical ventilation for the indicated time: 15 min (n = 1), 24 h (n = 2) or 16 h (n = 1), prior to euthanasia. Staining was performed with rabbit anti-HRC peptide and goat anti-rabbit Alexa 555 (orange staining) and DAPI was used to stain nuclei (blue staining) (Scale bar: 20 µm). c Quantification of HRC4 in the NHPs’ serum after peptide nebulization, by ELISA. Histograms present mean values ± SD from 2 independent experiments. Significant increase of HRC4 in the serum, following the nebulization, was confirmed using One way ANOVA (Prism 8.4.3 software, p = 0.0004). d Determination of the presence of anti-HRC4 antibodies (IgG, IgA and IgM) by ELISA in the serum of peptide-nebulized macaques, from either HRC4 biodistribution or MeV-infection study, P1-5 (values obtained at day 0 are subtracted from those at D28 for each individual animal). Negative control (C-) corresponds to serum of a naïve macaque and positive control (C + ) to rabbit anti-HRC4 antiserum. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.