Fig. 3: Expanding human impact and mammalian sedaDNA through the Holocene at Lake Sulsseewli. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Expanding human impact and mammalian sedaDNA through the Holocene at Lake Sulsseewli.

From: High resolution ancient sedimentary DNA shows that alpine plant diversity is associated with human land use and climate change

Fig. 3

For comparison cultural periods are indicated at the top of the diagram together with the relative abundance of sedaDNA plant taxa characteristic of elevation vegetation belts ordered from high to low elevation (A). Human indicators (B): microcharcoal, arable plant sedaDNA, coprophilous fungi spores and pastoral plant sedaDNA, C mammal sedaDNA: Ibex (Capra ibex), Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), Red deer (Cervus elaphus), Sheep (Ovis aries), Cow (Bos taurus), Goat (Capra hircus). Vegetation zones 1–7 based on constrained cluster analysis (CONISS) of sedaDNA are indicated by vertical lines. Vertical coloured bars correspond to the Mesolithic, Neolithic, Bronze Age, Middle Ages, Roman Ages, and Modern times. Note that the sporadic detection of Cow at ~12.7 ka is not plotted due to being beyond the confident age-depth model. Additional detections, including cow at 7.4 ka, are not visible due to low read counts but are visible in Supplementary Fig. 9.

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