Fig. 10: BCH sensitizes osteosarcoma to doxorubicin treatment.

a–d HOS tumor-bearing mice were treated with doxorubicin (DOX) along with BCH, 14 days after tumor incubation. a Measurement of tumor growth in mice (n = 5 mice per group). Tumor volume was measured at the indicated time points. b Representative immunohistochemical images stained with F4/80, CD86, or CD47 antibodies in serial sections of tumors on day 22. Scale bar, 150 μm. c Statistical analyses of IHC quantification results for samples depicted in b (n = 5 mice per group). d Flow cytometric analysis of MHC-II, iNOS, CD86, Arginase 1, and CD206 expression in CD45⁺ CD11b⁺ F4/80⁺ macrophages in tumors on day 17 (n = 5 mice per group). e Tumor growth of HOS cells in mice treated as indicated (n = 5 mice per group). Doxorubicin (DOX) was intraperitoneally injected, and liposomes and BCH were intravenously injected. Tumor volume was measured at the indicated time points. f A graphical model showing chemotherapy-induced and macrophage-upregulated tumor cell CD47 expression. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. ns not significant. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, two-way ANOVA (a, e) or one-way ANOVA (c, d). The experiment was performed three times with similar results (a–e). See the Source Data file for the exact P values. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.