Fig. 5: Ion transport studies across lipid bilayer membranes.

The comparison of ion transport activities of 1a−1d in the HPTS assay at 0.07 μM transporter concentration (a). The concentration-dependent ion transport activity of 1b (c = 0−0.2 μM) in HPTS assay (b), and the ion transport activity of 1b (c = 12 nM) in the HPTS assay by varying the extravesicular anions i.e., Cl−, Br−, I−, and NO3− (c). The concentration-dependent ion transport activity of 1b (c = 0−0.75 μM) in the lucigenin assay (d). The ion transport activity of 1b (c = 0.12 μM) in the lucigenin assay by varying the extravesicular cations i.e., Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+ (e). The ion transport activity of 1b (c = 0.10 μM) in the lucigenin assay in the absence and the presence of valinomycin (0.5 μM) (f). The single channel current traces by 1b (c = 15 μM) recorded at −200 mV, −100 mV, +80 mV, and +150 mV under symmetrical KCl solution (g). The plot current traces vs voltage obtained from the channel opening data at different potentials of 1b fit in sigmoidal equation (h).