Fig. 3: Strains of artificial vibration modes with respect to geometric dimension of two OSSPSU calculated by FEM simulation. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Strains of artificial vibration modes with respect to geometric dimension of two OSSPSU calculated by FEM simulation.

From: Miniaturized electromechanical devices with multi-vibration modes achieved by orderly stacked structure with piezoelectric strain units

Fig. 3

a Geometrical diagram, boundary conditions, and deformations of the simulated normal strain (ελ: λ = 1, 2, 3) by using OSSPSU; b shear strain (ελ: λ = 4, 5, 6) by using OSSPSU. The black triangles represent the fixed constraint. The red double-headed arrows indicate the displacement directions of motion points PL (point on the left of the selected deformation region), C (point on the center of the selected deformation region), or PR (point on the right of the selected deformation region). A hard ceramic and a [001]-poled PIMNT single crystal39,40 were chosen as demoed materials under the electric field of 20 V mm−1. c The variation tendencies of strain of 31-mode with geometric dimension predicted by FEM simulation. d The variation tendencies of strain of 36-mode with geometric dimension predicted by FEM simulation.

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