Fig. 1: Deletion of AR in Gli1-expressing cells in the UGM impairs UGE oncogenic xenograft growth.

a Schematic of the experimental timeline for tissue recombination and kidney capsule transplantation. Urogenital sinus epithelium (UGE) from Ctnnb1^L(ex3)/+:PB^Cre4 embryos and urogenital sinus mesenchyme (UGM) from Gli1^CreER/+ or Ar^L/Y:Gli1^CreER/+ embryos after activation of Gli1^CreER/+ are recombined and grown under the renal capsule of host mice. DOC, day of conception; TM, tamoxifen; KCT, kidney capsule transplantation. b Weights of xenograft recombinants from the indicated UGE and UGM combinations (left panel). Quantification of the percentage of Ki67⁺ cells per total cells (right panel). Data are represented as mean ± SD of five biological replicates. Two-sided Student’s t test, ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01. Source data and the exact p-values are provided as a Source Data file. c–l Representative gross (c–d, h–i), hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) (e, j), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for β-catenin (β-cat) and androgen receptor (AR) (f–g, k–l) images of xenograft tissues from the indicated UGE and UGM combinations. Scale bars, 2 mm (c–d, h–i), 100 μm (e, j), and 20 μm (f–g, k–l). The nuclear expression of β-cat in the epithelium is indicated by red arrows. Pink and blue arrows indicate epithelial and stromal AR⁺ cells, respectively.