Fig. 1: Cartoon representations of the reported rotaxane cross-linked macromolecules and our MINs with high-density [2]rotaxane motifs.

a The sliding-ring materials reported by Ito et al.31. b The rotaxane-cross-linked polymeric networks reported by Takata et al.33. c Schematic representation of the formation of mechanically interlocked networks with densely rotaxanated backbones, in which the force-induced sliding motion of the [2]rotaxane unit and subsequent network expansion via the introduction of dangling chains as extended segments in a collective way are highlighted.