Fig. 8: Model illustrating the effects of TE-derived regulatory conservation and innovation on subgenome-convergent and -divergent TF binding and transcription.
From: Transposable elements orchestrate subgenome-convergent and -divergent transcription in common wheat
Top: TE-embedded TFBSs expanded as TEs spread in the A-B-D common ancestor. In some cases, these TFBSs were maintained via parallel selection during the evolution of each diploid lineage after the divergence, whereas the flanking TE sequences degenerated to varying extents, resulting in conserved TFBSs and nonconserved flanking TE sequences. In hexaploid wheat, this balanced TF binding is associated with subgenome-balanced transcription. Bottom: TFBSs embedded in TEs differentially expanded in diploid lineages after the divergence from the common ancestor, which was responsible for the subgenome-divergent TF binding and variations in transcriptional regulation in polyploid wheat.
