Fig. 1: Fractional quantum Hall collider.
a Setup. Anyons are injected to Edge A/B through QPCA/B by voltage VA/B,inj applied to Source SA/B, accompanied by current IA/B,inj of charge e*. The injected anyons (red narrow peaks) flow downstream to QPCC (red trajectories); a corresponding setup for upstream anyons is shown in Fig. 2. The QPCs are in a weak backscattering regime. b Conventional collision where an injected anyon collides with another after tunneling at QPCC. c Time-domain interference involving (n, m) braiding. Its subprocesses a1 and a2 share the common spatial locations of injected anyons on the Edges. They have tunneling of an additional anyon at QPCC (blue wide peaks for the anyon, white peaks for its hole counterpart) by thermal or quantum fluctuations, but at different times (blue trajectories). In a1 (resp. a2), the tunneling happens after (resp. before) n and m injected anyons pass QPCC on Edges A and B. In their interference \({a}_{2}^{*}{a}_{1}\), the additional anyon braids the injected anyons, depicted as a blue twisted loop topologically linked with n “counterclockwise” and m “clockwise” red loops. Untying and untwisting the loops give monodromy \({M}^{n}{({M}^{*})}^{m}\) and topological spin eiπδ.
