Fig. 1: Hubs and epicenters shaping transdiagnostic co-alteration patterns.
From: Coordinated cortical thickness alterations across six neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders
A Disorder-specific Cohen’s d maps indicating case-control differences in cortical thickness. B Normative connectivity matrices derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and diffusion-weighted tensor imaging (DTI) from the Human Connectome Project (HCP45) and hubs (degree centrality). C Left: Computation of co-alteration hubs. Degree centrality was computed as the sum of above-threshold (80%) connections at each parcel using disorder maps from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-analyses (ENIGMA) consortium. Right: Visualization of the epicenter mapping approach using resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) or DTI. Seed-based connectivity profiles were systematically correlated with co-alteration hubs (using Pearson’s r and assessing significance via two-sided spin-tests, correcting for spatial auto-correlation, without further correction for multiple comparisons). D Transdiagnostic disease epicenters are depicted as correlations between co-alteration hubs and HCP normative seed-based connectivity profiles (rs-fMRI or diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)), thresholded at pspin < 0.05 (this panel shows DTI examples). High correlations imply high likelihood of a structure constituting a disease epicenter. Top five functional and structural disease epicenters are framed in white/black. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. ADHD = Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ASD = Autism spectrum disorder, BD = Bipolar disorder, MDD = Major depressive disorder, OCD = Obsessive-compulsive disorder, SCZ = Schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
