Fig. 4: Demonstration of synergistic effect of the hybrid SAWH-TEPG device in the daytime.

a Schematic diagram of the moisture desorption and power generation under the solar simulator. b Temperature evaluations of TEPG bottom in the hybrid SAWH-TEPG device with MIL-101(Cr)@CF and the referenced device without MIL-101(Cr). c Voltage evaluations of the TEPG module in the hybrid device with MIL-101(Cr)@CF and the referenced device without MIL-101(Cr) under different simulated sunlight intensities. d Water desorption of the hybrid SAWH-TEPG device under different simulated sunlight intensities. All experiments were conducted at an ambient temperature of 20 °C.