Fig. 5: Real-time intracellular R6G quantification.
a Image of A T47D cell harboring a DG (microsphere (green) following incubation with R6G (red) for 5 mins. The cell membrane (blue) was stained with CellMaskTM. The experiment was repeated independently three times with similar results. Scale bar 10 μm. b Dual lasing of DG and R6G within a T47D cell. c Schematic illustration of intracellular dual lasing via FRET from a cell harboring a FRET-donor doped optical microcavity and implanted in cytoplasm containing a FRET-acceptor. d, e Lasing wavelengths of DG and R6G remain un-shifted following 10 mins of continuous pumping (d) and 1000 pulses (e). f The intracellular lasing thresholds of DG and R6G are 309 nJ and 447 nJ, respectively, higher than that of the extracellular setup (Fig. 1c). g Real-time measurement of Δλ. Intracellular lasing spectra of DG and R6G are recorded following 5 mins incubation with 10 μM, 50 μM and 100 μM R6G solutions, respectively. The experiments were conducted 3 times with similar results, as-shown is a representative. h Intracellular R6G quantification using Δλ-concentration standard curve. The determined intracellular R6G concentrations following 5 mins incubation of R6G are 1.54, 18.55 and 46.12 μM, respectively. Data are presented as mean values ± SD (n = 3).
