Fig. 2: Detailed images of one particle with an associated putative NCD (small red circle).

a 15N At% values highlight NCD ROI enriched in 15N compared to surrounding particle (within thin red outline) with enrichment near natural abundance (purple). The grey arrow on the color scale bar indicates natural abundance of 15N At%. A total of nine particles from two stations were found with one or more 15N enriched ROIs. b A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the particle and associated cells. One particle with an attached putative NCD was imaged with SEM after nanoSIMS. The black square outlines an area of closer SEM inspection shown in image e. Images c and d show 12C2− and 12C14N− counts (cts) collected during particle analysis with nanoSIMS. Color scale bar is for both c and d, with warmer colors representing higher counts. The cell-like ROI is visible in 12C2− but obscured in d by the high overall values of 12C14N- of the particle. Scale bar is 5 µm.