Fig. 2: Kinetic isotope effects on Pd-catalyzed hydrogenation in aqueous phase.
From: Impact of hydronium ions on the Pd-catalyzed furfural hydrogenation
a Turnover frequency (TOF) of furfural hydrogenation in D2O/H2O and D2/H2 and b–d the mass spectra of the produced FAL. Mass spectra of b standard FAL dissolved in H2O and D2O in comparison with those of FAL produced form furfural in H2; and mass spectra of FAL produced from furfural at c pH 1.6 and d pH 5.8. Furfural hydrogenation was performed with 30 mM furfural in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (D2O or H2O) with 10 mg Pd/C at 1 bar D2 or H2 and room temperature. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
