Fig. 3: Bloodstream infection with C. albicans induces PD-L1 expression in neutrophils through Dectin-1 and subsequent neutrophil accumulation in the bone marrow.
From: PD-L1 negatively regulates antifungal immunity by inhibiting neutrophil release from bone marrow
a, b Representative histological images with Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining (a) and G-test of β-glucans (b) in bone marrow of wild-type mice, which were intravenously infected with 2 × 105 CFUs of C. albicans strain SC5314 for 4 days. c, d The percentage of neutrophils (c) and ELISA quantification of CXCL1 and CXCL2 (d) in the bone marrow of wild-type mice, which were microinjected with curdlan (0.1 μg dissolved in 0.1 mol/L NaOH) into the tibia for 2 days. e The percentage of PD-L1+Ly-6G+ neutrophils in the bone marrow of wild-type mice, which were intravenously infected with 2 × 105 CFUs of C. albicans strain SC5314 for 4 days. f The percentage of PD-L1+Ly-6G+ (Left) and Ly-6G+ neutrophils (Right) in the bone marrow of wild-type and Clec7a−/− mice, which were intravenously infected with 2 × 105 CFUs of C. albicans strain SC5314 for 4 days. g ELISA quantification of CXCL1 and CXCL2 in the bone marrow of wild-type mice after intravenous infection with C. albicans SC5314 (2 × 105 CFU/mouse) for 4 days. h The percentage of neutrophils in the bone marrow of naive and C. albicans (2 × 105 CFU/mouse)-infected wild-type mice on Day 4, which were pretreated with IgG (Control, 5 or 40 ng/mouse), anti-CXCL1 (αCXCL1, 5 ng/mouse) and anti-CXCL2 (αCXCL2, 40 ng/mouse) into tibia for 24 h before scarification. i The percentage of neutrophils in the bone marrow and kidney of wild-type mice after intravenous infection with C. albicans SC5314 (2 × 105 CFU/mouse) for indicated days. j The percentage of Ly-6G+ neutrophils in CXCL1/2/3+ cells in the bone marrow and kidney of C. albicans (2 × 105 CFU/mouse)-infected wild-type mice for indicated days. k Neutrophil tracking assay in the bone marrow and kidney of wild-type mice, which were intravenously infection with C. albicans SC5314 (2 × 105 CFU/mouse) for indicated days. PE-labeled anti-CD45 (10 μl) were microinjected into one tibia for 12 h before scarification at each indicated day. Data were presented as mean ± SD; n = 4 (i), n = 5 (b, f, h, j), n = 6 (c–e, g, k) biological independent samples. Data were analyzed by unpaired two-sided Student’s t test in b–h, k. Source data are provided as a Source data file.
